The UK Competition Authority publishes a market study interim report and finds two Big Tech companies have leveraged their market power to create largely self-contained mobile ecosystems leading to a duopoly that limits competition and choice over operating systems, app stores, and web browsers (Apple / Google)

Apple and Google duopoly limits competition and choice* The CMA’s interim report into mobile ecosystems suggests that users are losing out because of Apple and Google’s duopoly. Earlier this year, the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) launched a probe over concerns that Apple and Google have too much control over operating systems (iOS and Android), app stores (App Store and Play Store), and web browsers (Safari and Chrome) that together form their ‘ecosystems’. When someone buys a mobile device, they essentially enter either Apple’s iOS or Google’s Android ecosystem. As a result, Apple and Google are able to control how online content, such as mobile apps and websites, is provided to users. They can also tilt the playing field towards their own services – for example, Apple