DOCTRINES : DROIT DE LA CONCURRENCE - DROIT D’AUTEURS - SYSTÈMES DE LICENCES TRANSFRONTIÈRES - DROITS VOISINS - ENTENTES - MODÈLES DE CONTRATS - CISAC - COMMISSION EUROPÉENNE - GESTION DE LA MUSIQUE EN LIGNE

The quest for pan-European copyright licensing solutions: A series of unfortunate events

Depuis son Livre Vert de 1995, la Commission Européenne a souhaité faciliter le développement de systèmes de licences transfrontières en matière de droits d’auteur et droits voisins. Ce processus ne s’est toutefois pas déroulé sans heurts. En effet, à travers le contrôle de multiples ententes potentielles, de tumultueuses relations avec le Parlement Européen ayant mené à la publication d’une recommandation controversée et la récente décision concernant les modèles de contrats fournis par la Cisac, la Commission Européenne, en ayant recours au droit de la concurrence, a dramatiquement changé le panorama de la gestion de la musique en-ligne - et potentiellement hors-ligne.

1. Copyright holders face four traditional alternatives to manage their rights: individual management, private for-profit management, voluntary collective management, and mandatory collective management. [1] The choice of one option over the others often depends of the nature of the right and of the transaction costs involved in negotiating a license. [2] For example, in accordance with its sporadic nature, the right to adapt a dramatic work will generally be negotiated on an individual basis by the author and the would-be film-maker. On the opposite side of the specter, the compensation offered by private copying levies is not negotiated, and is dealt with on a mandatory basis by copyright collective societies - for collective management is an efficient way to reduce transaction

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Adriane Porcin-Raux, The quest for pan-European copyright licensing solutions: A series of unfortunate events, December 2009, Concurrences N° 4-2009, Art. N° 28999, pp. 57-64

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