International - JAPAN - REFORM OF ANTITRUST
Japan: Reform of the Enforcement Regime of the Antimonopoly Law : 2006 Amendment
Cet article commente de manière détaillée la réforme du droit japonais de la concurrence, entrée en vigueur le 4 janvier 2006. Cette réforme est destinée à renforcer les sanctions à l’encontre des violations des dispositions de concurrence, en particulier à l’égard des cartels, en introduisant notamment : (a) une augmentation des sanctions financières ; (b) un programme de clémence ; (c) des pouvoirs d’enquête sanctionnés par des dispositions pénales : (d) un pouvoir d’injonction de l’autorité nationale de concurrence (JFTC).
The Act Concerning Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade, which is known as the Antimonopoly Law (the “Antimonopoly Law”), was enacted in 1947 as the competition law in Japan. Since then, the Antimonopoly Law, with its major amendments, in particular those of 1953, 1977 and in the 1990's, has been central to the enforcement of competition law and policy in Japan.
The 2006 amendment to the Antimonopoly Law (the “2006 Amendment”), effective on January 4, 2006, aimed at further strengthening enforcement against violations of the Antimonopoly Law, particularly with respect to cartels and bid rigging, and for that purpose introduced: (a) reform of the administrative surcharge (i.e., an increase of the rate of the administrative surcharge, varied rates of an
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