Dinner in honor of Andreas Mundt, President of the Bundeskartellamt
Dinner organised by Concurrences Review with keynote speaker Andreas Mundt (President, Bundeskartellamt) in partnership with White & Case and Compass Lexecon.
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The German Competition Authority prohibits a social network company in dominant position from combining its user data from different sources (Facebook)Bundeskartellamt / Digital Economy Bundeskartellamt prohibits Facebook from combining user data from different sources* Bonn, 7 February 2019: The Bundeskartellamt has imposed on Facebook far-reaching restrictions in the processing of user data. According to Facebook’s terms and conditions (...)
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The German Competition Authority orders a social network company to stop collecting and matching data of its users without explicit consent as it constitutes an abuse of dominance (Facebook)Bundeskartellamt hits „don’t like“-button on Facebook* On February 7, 2019, Germany’s Federal Cartel Office (“FCO”) issued its long-awaited decision in the Facebook case, see press release and background paper in English here. It qualifies Facebook’s current practice of collecting and matching data (...)
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The German Competition Authority holds that matching the data collected by a social network company constitutes an antitrust violation (Facebook)Doing double damage: The German competition authority’s Facebook decision manages to undermine both antitrust and data protection law* The German Bundeskartellamt (Federal Cartel Office or FCO) this week reached a decision in its nearly 3-year-old Facebook investigation. The decision appears to (...)
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The German Competition Authority finds that the data gathering practices of a social network are an abuse of its dominant position so orders amendments in the data processing policy (Facebook)On 6 February 2019, the German Federal Cartel Office (“FCO”) concluded administrative proceedings concerning the data gathering practices of Facebook Inc., Facebook Ireland and Facebook Germany (together “Facebook”). The FCO found that Facebook abused its dominant position by making the private use (...)
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India: Remedies in merger casesNo notified combination has to date been prohibited by the Competition Commission of India (CCI). However, the clearance of some 30 combinations has been subject to the parties implementing structural or non-structural (behavioural) remedies. This article outlines the sometimes innovative (...)
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The Roles of Innovation in Competition Law Analysis, Paul NIHOUL, Pieter VAN CLEYNENBREUGEL (dir.)Cette rubrique recense et commente les ouvrages et autres publications en droit de la concurrence, droit & économie de la concurrence et en droit de la régulation. Une telle recension ne peut par nature être exhaustive et se limite donc à présenter quelques publications récentes dans ces (...)
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Privacy and antitrust: An overview of EU and national case lawThe emergence of multi-sided media platforms occurred in parallel with the success of business models that revolve around the collection and use of personal data, generating revenue from user-data-based profiling and advertising. Given that only some of the firms elaborating those profiles hold (...)
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The EU Commission hosts a conference to address the challenges of digitization for competition policy“Shaping Competition Policy in the era of digitization”: The European Commission hosts a conference with academic and business leaders to address the challenges of digitization for competition policy. On 17 January 2019, the European Commission hosted an experts conference to address the (...)
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Neutralité du net : L’Organe des régulateurs européens des communications électroniques adopte un avis relatif à l’application du règlement européen et de ses lignes directrices sur la neutralité du net (L’évaluation de l’application du règlement et des lignes directrices sur la neutralité du net)Le 6 décembre 2018, l’Organe des régulateurs européens des communications électroniques (ci-après “l’ORECE”) a adopté, après consultation des parties intéressées, un avis sur l’application du règlement (UE) 2015/2120 du Parlement et du Conseil établissant des mesures relatives à l’accès à un internet ouvert (...)
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Accès au dossier : La Commission européenne publie une décision et deux séries d’orientations visant à encadrer ou préciser le droit à l’accès au dossier et aux données personnelles des entreprises parties à une procédure de droit de la concurrence (Règles internes relatives au traitement des données à caractère personnel par la Commission européenne dans le domaine de la concurrence en ce qui concerne la communication d’informations aux personnes concernées et la limitation de certains droits ; Guidance on the use of confidentiality rings in antitrust access to file proceedings ; Guidance on confidentiality claims during Commission antitrust procedure)On signalera la publication par la Commission, les 10 et 12 décembre derniers, d’une décision et deux séries d’orientations visant à encadrer ou préciser le droit à l’accès au dossier et aux données personnelles des entreprises parties à une procédure de droit de la concurrence. Nouvelle décision de la (...)
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The EU Data Protection Supervisor, EU Commission, and EU Parliament clarify how data protection law applies to competition investigationsThe application of the GDPR from 5 May 2018 has had a significant impact on the way companies manage their data in various areas. In the field of competition, the GDPR might well cause companies that face competition investigations to wonder whether they should provide personal data in (...)
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The Italian Competition Authority fines a social network 10 Million euros for unfair commercial practices using its subscribers data for commercial purposes (Facebook)Facebook fined 10 million Euros by the ICA for unfair commercial practices for using its subscribers’ data for commercial purposes On 29 November 2018 the Italian Competition Authority (ICA), closed the investigation opened last April for alleged violations of the Consumer Code by Facebook (...)
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Connecting competition law standards to the Internet of thingsThe advent of the Internet of Things will entail a new Internet revolution and bring about profound changes that will rival the first wave of Internet innovation. This paper explores the competition law implications raised by this upcoming revolution. Starting by discussing the merits of open (...)
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Merger control in the IT sector: An overview of EU and national case lawCompetition law, and merger control in particular, is a prime location to observe and participate in the evolution of the IT sector from a technology, economic and legal perspective. From Microsoft to Google through Oracle/Sun Microsystems, it has been a fantastic – and sometimes hectic – (...)
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Progiciel : La Commission d’examen des pratiques commerciales se prononce sur la conformité d’une pratique commerciale d’un fournisseur de progiciel aux dispositions de l’article L. 442-6 C. com. (Les pratiques commerciales d’un fournisseur de progiciel)La Commission d’examen des pratiques commerciales a été interrogée sur la conformité aux dispositions de l’article L. 442-6 C. com. d’une pratique commerciale consistant pour un fournisseur de progiciel à exiger de son client le paiement d’une redevance complémentaire sous la menace de cesser les (...)
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The EU Commission announces antitrust probe into data use (Amazon)The European Commission (the EU’s antitrust regulator) has announced that it is investigating Amazon’s use of third-party data as part of a wider probe into its business practices. Many retailers use Amazon as a platform to sell their products and, in doing so, provide Amazon with sales data. At (...)
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The EU Commission looks into an online platform’s use of online sales data (Amazon)The Amazon investigation and Europe’s "Big Tech" Crusade* The dust has barely settled on the European Commission’s record-breaking €4.3 Billion Google Android fine, but already the European Commission is gearing up for its next high-profile case. Last month, Margrethe Vestager dropped a (...)
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User data: The European Commission approves the acquisition of a music recognition app by a provider of digital music streaming services (Apple/Shazam)On 6 September 2018, the European Commission approved the acquisition of UK company Shazam Entertainment Ltd. (“Shazam”) by U.S. group Apple. Shazam is a global market leader in the supply of music recognition apps for smartphones, tablets and personal computers. Apple is, inter alia, the second (...)
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The intricate tale of demand and supply of personal dataIn this article, we develop some of the economics of the intricate relationship between the demand and the supply of personalized data. We first focus on one heavily debated use of personal data: differential pricing (price discrimination). This allows us to highlight the role played by privacy (...)
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Big Tech and Mergers: An overview of EU and national case lawFor tech-related innovation to drive the economy, both competition policy and sound antitrust enforcement play a crucial role in ensuring that competition exists across markets. Merger control, as part of the antitrust toolkit, remains a key element in ensuring that the economy remains dynamic. (...)
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Online Platforms : The interplay of regulation and antitrust enforcementLaw & Economics workshop organised by Concurrences Review with Thomas Kramler (DG COMP), in partnership White & Case and Compass Lexecon.
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Internet and Antitrust: An overview of EU and national case lawThis foreword on Internet and Antitrust covers lots of interesting articles of the last 3 years on some of the major developments in the Internet space at EU and national levels. Indeed, it is always fascinating to get insights from the many practitioners and enforcers who have contributed to (...)
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Theories of Harm Around Data: Do we have Any Yet?Law & Economics workshop organised by Concurrences Review with Malte Beyer-Katzenberger (DG Connect) in partnership with McDermott Will & Emery and CRA.
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The OECD holds a roundtable on e-commerce1. Introduction 1. E-commerce – broadly, buying and selling online – is a global phenomenon and an important expanding distribution mechanism across the OECD. During the last decade, e-commerce activities have been growing both in the demand and supply side, as seen by the increasing number of (...)
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The OECD holds a roundtable on considering non-price effects in merger control1. Introduction 1. When firms compete, they make a range of decisions about the characteristics of their products. Consumers make purchasing decisions based on at least some of these characteristics, which determine the value they obtain from the product. Price is one such characteristic, but (...)
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Big data et concurrence : Quelle importance pour le secteur de la publicité en ligne ?Séminaire Droit & Économie de la Concurrence organisé par la Revue Concurrences en partenariat avec les cabinets Allen & Overy et Compass Lexecon.
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Antitrust in Asia: ASEAN, China, Hong Kong...This fourth edition of the Antitrust in Asia Conference was organized by Concurrences Review with the support of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and the Hong Kong Competition Association, in partnership with Allen & Overy, Baker McKenzie, Charles River Associates, Compass Lexecon, (...)
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Understanding competition between platforms in two sided marketsLaw & Economics workshop organised by Concurrences review in partnership with White & Case and Analysis Group.
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Legal Privilege: An overview of EU and national case lawThe concept of privilege is the right of an individual to preserve the confidentiality of legal communications, it is a fundamental human right long recognised by common law and depending upon the territory in civil law systems. The rationale is that a client should be able to consult a lawyer (...)
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Dominance in the IT sector: An overview of EU and national case lawA significant number of the Commission’s most prominent Article 102 landmark cases have targeted high tech companies – beginning with IBM in the 1980’s on down through Microsoft, Intel and now Google. National competition authorities are similarly focused on this area, most notably the German (...)
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Platforms and competition law: An overview of EU and national case lawThe application of antitrust laws to internet platforms will be one of the key areas of development for antitrust law over the coming years.
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Big Data and competition lawMuch has been written about the rise of big data and its impact on competition law. This On-Topic seeks to illustrate the most relevant case practice developed by the European Commission in relation to data issues in the field of merger control law, within five specific relevant topics. The (...)
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The German Competition Authority publishes a paper on ’Big Data and Competition’ as Big Data and digital markets remain in the focus of EU competition authoritiesI. Introduction On 6 October, the German Federal Cartel Office (’FCO’) launched its new series of papers on ’Competition and Consumer Protection in the Digital Economy’. The first paper deals with ’Big Data and Competition’. The same day, a ’real-life example’ of competition enforcement in Big Data (...)
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Cyber competition: New challenges for antitrust enforcers?Conference organised in Brussels by Concurrences Review in partnership with Copenhagen Economics, Shearman & Sterling and White & Case.
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Disclosure of documents that lie in the control of the parties (Implementation of the EU Damages Directive into Member State law - Würzburg, May 5, 2017)Article 5 of the Damages Directive requires Member States to enable courts to order disclosure of evidence under certain qualifying conditions, while protecting the rights of parties and third parties, in particular confidential information. This is an area in which common law jurisdictions and (...)
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Editorial (Online markets and offline welfare effects: The Internet, competition, society and democracy - Oxford, 22 May 2017)On 22 May 2017, the University of Oxford Centre for Competition Law and Policy (“CCLP”) hosted a conference on “Online markets and offline welfare effects – The Internet, competition, society and democracy.” This collection gathers nine contributions from speakers of the event—outlining the key (...)
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Digital economy and consumer welfare (Online markets and offline welfare effects: The Internet, competition, society and democracy - Oxford, 22 May 2017)While the Oxford English Dictionary defines “welfare” as “The health, happiness, and fortunes of a person or group”, it is not that simple to define the consumer welfare in the internet context. Gradual changes introduced by platforms with significant market power are able to distort the idea of (...)
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Digital consolidation, citizen and community (Online markets and offline welfare effects: The Internet, competition, society and democracy - Oxford, 22 May 2017)We are enjoying the benefits of the IT revolution over the last few decades—free online searches, free social media, free smartphone software, and constant innovation. At the same time, the online environment is more and more dominated by a handful of IT giants. Digital consolidation is (...)
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The Indian Competition Authority clears dominant mobile messaging service from abuse of dominance allegations (Fight for Transparency Society / WhatsApp)CCI closes allegation of abuse of dominance against WhatsApp* CCI vide its recent order dated June 01, 2017 has closed an allegation of abuse of dominant position against popular message service WhatsApp. The complaint against WhatsApp was filed by an individual Vinod Kumar Gupta on behalf of (...)
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The Italian Competition Authority launches an inquiry into big dataBig Data: Italian authorities launch inquiries on competition, consumer protection and data privacy issues* On 30 May 2017, the Italian Competition Authority, the Italian Data Protection Authority and the Communications Authority opened a joint inquiry on “Big Data”. Sector Inquiry The joint (...)
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The EU Commission fines a social network company for providing misleading information during a merger investigation (Facebook / WhatsApp)Mergers: Commission fines Facebook €110 million for providing misleading information about WhatsApp takeover* The European Commission has fined Facebook €110 million for providing incorrect or misleading information during the Commission’s 2014 investigation under the EU Merger Regulation of (...)
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Les moteurs de recherche (L’application du droit de la concurrence au secteur numérique - Nanterre, 17 novembre 2016)Le cas n°1 a mis en scène les pratiques d’un moteur de recherche ; il a été traité en droit chinois, américain, japonais et en droit de l’UE. Un économiste a également apporté son éclairage. 1. Rant est un moteur de recherche particulièrement efficace, présent dans tous les pays du monde. Sur le marché (...)
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Big Data & CompetitionWorkshop organised by Concurrences Review in partnership with Shearman & Sterling and MAPP.
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The German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy proposes establishing a Digital Agency for the regulation of digital marketsGermany suggests ramping up regulation of digital platforms by establishing Digital Agency with robust antitrust mandate* Will Germany establish a “Digital Agency” to monitor compliance with competition law rules in digital markets? Will a German “Digital Antitrust Enforcer” become a role model (...)
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Innovation Economics for Antitrust Lawyers, King’s CollegeConference organised by Concurrences Review and King’s College London, in partnership with Cleary Gottlieb, Clifford Chance, Compass Lexecon, Freshfileds Bruckhaus Deringer and White & Case.
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Quel traitement concurrentiel de l’accès et de l’utilisation des données ? (Les entretiens de la concurrence III, 18 octobre 2016, Paris)La troisième édition des Entretiens de la concurrence, consacrée aux Nouvelles opportunités économiques et juridiques devant le juge de droit commun, était destinée à souligner la spécificité et les atouts de ce dernier en droit de la concurrence. Au carrefour du droit et de l’économie, le juge de droit (...)
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EU Competition Law, Data Protection and Online Platforms. Data as Essential Facility.International Competition Law Series Volume 68 EU Competition Law, Data Protection and Online Platforms. Data as Essential Facility provides a highly topical study of how EU competition law interacts with data on online platforms. All agree that the digital economy contributes to a dynamic (...)
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The effects of increased globalization and regulator coordination on antitrust discoveryMerger review processes for complex, multinational deals have become significantly more complicated over the past 20 years. Increased coordination among competition authorities around the world creates new considerations for parties to multinational deals, requiring them to balance the need to (...)
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The EU Commission clears a merger subject to remedies on the professional social networks market (Microsoft / LinkedIn)Mergers: Commission approves acquisition of LinkedIn by Microsoft, subject to conditions* The European Commission has approved under the EU Merger Regulation the proposed acquisition of LinkedIn by Microsoft. The decision is conditional on compliance with a series of commitments aimed at (...)
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