Commission, European

This Glossary matches the list of keywords used by Concurrences search engine. Each keyword is automatically updated by the most recent EU and national case laws from the e-Competitions Bulletin and Concurrences Review. The definitions are excerpt from DG COMP’s Glossary of terms used in EU competition policy (© European Union, 2002) and the OECD’s Glossary of industrial organisation economics and competition law (© OECD, 1993).

De minimis notice

Communication from the Commission clarifying under what conditions the impact of an agreement or practice on competition within the common market can in its view be considered to be non-appreciable, namely where the aggregate market share of the undertakings involved remains below certain thresholds. In addition, agreements between small and medium-sized enterprises are said to be rarely capable of significantly affecting trade between Member States or competition within the common market, they will in any event not normally be of sufficient Community interest to justify intervention. In short, agreements or practices falling under the "de minimis" notice are considered to be of minor Community importance and are not examined by the Commission under EU competition law. Certain cases may, however, be examined by national competition authorities. © European Commission

See Notice on agreements of minor importance which do not appreciably restrict competition under Article 101(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (De Minimis Notice) (OJ C 291, 30.8.2014, p. 1–4).

Related EU and national case law

European Commission The EU Commission prolongs EU State aid rules and adopts targeted adjustments to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 outbreak

2 July 2020

State aid: Commission prolongs EU State aid rules and adopts targeted adjustments to mitigate impact of coronavirus outbreak* The European Commission has prolonged the validity of certain State aid rules which would otherwise expire at the end of 2020. In this context, and to take the effects (...)

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16 June 2020

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8 June 2020

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European Court of Justice The EU General Court reaffirms the Commission’s decision declaring illegal the aid from Italy to several airlines serving Sardinia (Volotea / Germanwings / easyJet)

13 May 2020

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13 May 2020

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February 2020

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14 January 2020

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Francesco Martucci Exemption: The French Government adopts an aid scheme for employment in the entertainment industry covered by the Regulation exempting de minimis aid (Decree n° 2019-1011)

1 October 2019

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Alain Ronzano Targeted consultation: The European Commission launches two targeted consultations on the de minimis regulation and the ex-post evaluation of the aviation guidelines (De minimis regulation; Aviation Guidelines)

29 May 2019

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13 March 2019

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7 January 2019

La Commission entend prolonger jusqu’en 2022 le règlement général d’exemption par catégorie (RGEC) et le règlement de minimis, ainsi que plusieurs lignes directrices et communication et entame une évaluation sous la forme d’un « bilan de qualité » de l’ensemble des règles adoptées dans le cadre de la (...)

Phedon Nicolaides The EU Commission finds a Cypriot State aid scheme for vulnerable households borrowers to be compatible with the internal market

3 December 2018

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Alain Ronzano De minimis: The General Court of the European Union considers that the export aids are likely to affect trade between member states and rules that the 2006 regulation on de minimis aids does not violate article 35 TFEU forbidding quantitative restrictions for export and that it does not oppose to a national rule excluding a tax benefit constituting a de minims aid when the aid is determined by the quantity exported (ZPT AD)

28 February 2018

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Bruno Stromsky ’De minimis’ Regulation: The Court of justice of the European Union rules that the prohibition of de minimis aids linked to export is valid and interprets it as applying only to aids whose purpose is the promotion of sales in another Member State (ZPT/Narodno)

28 February 2018

L’affaire ZPT peut sembler assez étrange. Elle appartient à la catégorie souvent suspecte des cas dans lesquels une entreprise se plaint de ne pas avoir reçu une aide d’État et les conditions dans lesquelles elle a pris naissance peuvent paraître bien atypiques. La société bulgare ZPT a demandé à (...)

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28 February 2018

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24 October 2017

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Christoph Krüger The German Federal Court of Justice quashes a decision which had ruled that minimum resale pricing did not result in an appreciable restriction of competition given its limited timeframe and scope (Almased Wellness)

17 October 2017

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European Competition Network Brief The German Competition Authority approves merger in the glass recycling market under de minimis rule (Rethmann GRI VSB)

4 August 2017

Bundeskartellamt clears acquisition of glass recycling companies by the Rethmann group* Bonn, 4 August 2017: The Bundeskartellamt has cleared plans by the Rethmann group to acquire two glass recycling companies, G.R.I.-Glasrecycling NV (Lummen, Belgium) and VSB Holding NV (Lummen, Belgium). (...)

Phedon Nicolaides The EU Commission finds that Danish support for local sports associations is not State aid and that, if it were, it would be compatible according to the General Block Exemption Regulation (Denmark / Support to local sports associations)

22 June 2017

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Man Mohan Sharma The Government of India revises method of calculation of thresholds for merger control and extends target exemption to mergers and amalgamations

27 March 2017

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Matt Evans The UK Competition and Markets Authority is consulting on proposed changes to the UK merger regime to reduce the burden of investigations into mergers where the parties operate in small markets

23 January 2017

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Man Mohan Sharma The Indian Competition Authority fines merging parties for failure to disclose global acquisition of the healthcase antisepsis business (Schulke / ASP Division of Ethicon)

13 January 2017

CCI penalizes Schulke and Mayr GmBH (Schulke) for delayed filing in relation to the acquisition of Healthcare Antisepsis Solutions (HAS) business of Johnson & Johnson Private Limited (JJPL)* CCI, by its order dated January 13, 2017 has imposed a penalty of INR 25,00,000 on Schulke on (...)

Carlos Vérgez Muñoz The Spanish Competition Authority declares exempt retail price maintenance practices by a cosmetics laboratory on the basis of the de minimis theory (Laboratorio Martí Tor)

15 December 2016

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Marianne Faessel, Sophie-Anne Descoubès ICN : The French Competition Authority hosts the 2016 International competition network’s Merger Roundtable

3 December 2016

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Joseph Vogel, Louis Vogel The Paris Court of Appeal confirms that the Competition Authority can sue anti-competitive agreements even under the threshold of the de minimis rule (SNCF/ Expedia)

11 November 2016

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Alain Ronzano Formal investigation procedure: The Court of Justice of the European Union confirms the partial annulment of a decision finding no State aid despite serious difficulties relating to public guarantees potentially qualifying as de minimis aids (Land Hessen)

12 October 2016

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Ciara Barbu-O’Connor, Jacques Derenne Serious difficulties: The Court of Justice of the European Union confirms the General Court of the European Union’s judgment by which the latter partially annulled a European Commission’s decision for an erroneous calculation method of the aid element of the litigious guarantees (Land Hessen / Pollmeier Massivholz)

12 October 2016

Pollmeier Massivholz est une société allemande qui exploite plusieurs scieries près de la frontière du Land de Hesse. Contexte de l’affaire En 2007, la Commission a reçu une plainte de Pollmeier Massivholz dénonçant de prétendues aides illégales visant à soutenir l’établissement d’une nouvelle scierie (...)

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21 September 2016

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Werner Berg The German Federal Ministry of Economics proposes a transaction value threshold to require notification of high value deals even with no / de minimis sales in Germany

1 July 2016

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27 June 2016

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February 2016

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12 October 2015

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26 August 2015

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24 June 2015

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24 June 2015

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28 May 2015

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28 May 2015

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21 May 2015

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6 May 2015

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29 April 2015

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25 March 2015

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19 March 2015

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17 March 2015

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17 March 2015

Tribunal, 17 mars 2015, affaire T-89/09 (Pollmeier Massivholz GmbH & Co. KG contre Commission européenne) À la faveur d’un arrêt rendu le 17 mars 2015 dans l’affaire T-89/09 (Pollmeier Massivholz GmbH & Co. KG contre Commission européenne), le Tribunal de l’Union européenne est venu annuler (...)

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12 February 2015

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19 December 2014

Cartel in the Freight Forwarding Market* On 19 December 2014 the Cartel Court imposed fines totalling € 17 468 091 on 30 companies active in the freight forwarding market for infringement of Article 101 TFEU by agreeing on tariffs for domestic combined shipments. A declaratory decision was (...)

Glossary

A

Absolute territorial protection • Abuse of dominant position • Abuse of economic dependence • Access to essential facility • Access to information • Access to the file • Agency agreement • Agent • Agreement (notion) • Amicus curiae • Ancillary restraints • Annulment • Anticompetitive objet or effect • Anticompetitive practices • Applicable law • Arbitration

B

Barriers to entry • Bid rigging • Block exemption (Regulation) • Boycott • Brand competition • Burden of proof • Business secrets • Buyer power

C

Cartel • Clearance phase I (merger) • Clearance phase II (merger) • Collecting society • Collective dominance • Collective redress (class action) • Competence • Competition policy • Competition policy • Complaint • Compliance programme • Compulsory license • Concerted practices • Concession • Concurrent jurisdiction • Consumers protection • Consumers’ associations • Control (change) • Control (notion) • Cooperation Agreement • Cooperation between competition authorities • Coordinated effects • Copyright • Corporate group • Corruption • Cost-based access • Criminal sanctions • Cross subsidisation

D

Damages • Dawn raids • De minimis notice • Direct effect • Discriminatory practices • Distribution agreement • Dominance (notion)

E

ECHR • Economic analysis • Economic efficiency • Effect on trade between Member States • Effective judicial protection • Environmental protection • Essential facility • European Competition Network (ECN) • Excess prices • Exchanges of information • Exclusive distribution • Exclusive purchasing agreement • Exclusive right (Art. 106 TFEU) • Exclusivity clause • Exhaustion • Extra-territoriality

F

Failing firm defence • Fine • Fine mitigating • Foreign direct investment (FDI) • Franchising • FRAND

G

Geographic market • Group purchasing organization • Gun jumping

H

Hard core restrictions • Horizontal agreement

I

Individual exemption • Intellectual property right • Interim measures • International competition network (ICN) • Investigations / inquiries • Investigations/ inquiries

J

Joint control • Joint venture • Judicial review

L

Legal privilege • Leniency • Licensing • Limitation period • Low prices

M

Mandatary (distribution) • Margin squeeze • Market economy investor • Market power • Market share • Media pluralism • Merger (notion) • Merger (prohibition) • Merger (withdrawal) • Minority shareholdings

N

Ne bis in idem • Non-competition clause • Notification • Nullity

O

Oligopoly

P

Parallel imports (parallel trade) • Passing-on • Pay-for-delay • Periodic penalty payment • Personal data • Predatory pricing • Preliminary ruling (Art. 267 TFUE) • Price discrimination • Price-fixing agreement • Prices • Principle of effectiveness • Principle of equal treatment • Principle of equivalence • Principle of proportionnality • Private enforcement • Privatization • Procedural autonomy • Professional association • Public procurement • Public undertaking

R

Referral (merger) • Refusal to deal • Regulated prices • Relevant market • Remedies (antitrust) • Request for information • Resale price maintenance (RPM) • Resale-below-cost • Right against self-incrimination • Rights of defence • Rule of reason

S

Sector inquiry • Selective distribution • Services of general economic interest • Single branding • Sole control • Spill-over effects • Standard-Essential Patent (SEP) • State action defense • State aid (compatibility) • State aid (existing aid) • State aid (notification) • State aid (notion) • State aid (recovery) • State aid (tax ruling) • State aid (unlawful aid) • State measure • Sudden break of established business relationships

T

Test SIEC (merger) • Test SLC (merger) • Transfer of technology • Transfer pricing • Trustee (mergers) • Turnover threshold (merger) • Tying or tied selling

U

Undertaking (notion) • Unfair competition • Universal service

V

Vertical agreement • Vertical restraints (or restrictions)