1. Introduction The purpose of this foreword is to provide an overview of national and European case law on parallel trade in the pharmaceutical sector, as reported in the e-Competition Bulletin. Parallel trade relies on price differentials between countries for the same product. It takes place where a product is bought by a trader in one country and exported to another country where it is resold at a higher price than in the country of origin. Parallel trade in principle benefits end-consumers as the exported product is sold in the importing country at a lower price than the domestic price. The pharmaceutical sector has proved to be a fertile ground for parallel trade. The sector remains largely "un-harmonised", with national rules and policies applying to the pricing and
Parallel trade in the pharmaceutical sector: An overview of EU and national case law
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