An Innovative Scheme to Support Individual Borrowers* Individuals and households are not undertakings. However, any public funding of individuals or households may constitute indirect aid to undertakings. Such aid may be exempted on the basis of Article 107(2)(a) TFEU. Introduction Article 107(1) TFEU applies to indirect State aid as well as to direct aid. Since all State aid has both primary effects [i.e. the benefits that go directly to the recipient of the aid] and secondary effects [i.e. the benefits that may eventually go to persons other than the direct recipient], the 2016 Commission Notice on the Notion of State Aid clarifies that secondary effects fall outside the scope of Article 107(1) as long as the aid measure does not impose such restrictions on the recipient that
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The EU Commission approves a Greek aid scheme whose objective is to support vulnerable and less prosperous households and micro or small enterprises struggling to repay mortgages and loans
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