The Hungarian Parliament "modernizes" the Hungarian Competition Act (HCA)

Note [1] In 2005 important provisions of the Hungarian Competition Act (hereinafter “HCA”) were amended [2]. Also, new rules about the criminalisation of certain collusions in public procedures were incorporated into the Hungarian Criminal Code [3]. – 1. The system of individual exemptions was abolished. – 2. Amendments were made to the merger rules (e.g. new thresholds). – 3. The Hungarian Competition Authority (Gazdasági Versenyhivatal - GVH) was granted wider investigative powers. – 4. Rules on the imposition of fines were modified. – 5. Detailed rules about the GVH's sectoral inquires were incorporated into the HCA. – 6. The system of complaints and informal complaints was reformed. – 7. Certain procedural rules on the private enforcement of competition law (e.g. claims