Is Apple forcing customers to pay more for e-books? - Global developments in the alleged e-book price-fixing case* European investigations On December 6, 2011 the European Commission announced that it opened formal proceedings to examine whether five major international publishers (Hachette Livre (Lagardère Publishing, France), Harper Collins (News Corp., USA), Simon & Schuster (CBS Corp., USA), Penguin (Pearson Group, United Kingdom) and Verlagsgruppe Georg von Holzbrinck (owner of inter alia Macmillan, Germany) have engaged in anti-competitive practices with regard to the sale of e-books in the European Union. The European Commission’s formal investigation was preceded by dawn raids conducted in March 2011 at various headquarters of publishers located in certain EU member
The EU Commission opens formal proceedings to investigate alleged anti-competitive practices by five major international publishers in the e-book sales sector (Hachette Livre /Harper Collins / Simon & Schuster / Penguin / Verlagsgruppe Georg von Holzbrinck)
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