Competition authorities around the world typically place considerable weight on parties’ internal documents when assessing the potential effects of a merger. Such documents, many of which can pre-date the companies’ decision to enter into a transaction, are often regarded as conveying the merging (...)

The Commission Decisions In February 2017, the Commission initiated proceedings against Asus, Denon & Marantz, Philips and Pioneer following information obtained during the e-commerce sector inquiry. The Commission’s report had identified resale price maintenance as an area of concern, and (...)

On 18 April 2018, the Competition and Markets Authority issued updated guidance on the appropriate amount of penalties to be imposed for infringements of competition law in the UK. This replaces the previous guidance issued by the Office of Fair Trading (which the CMA replaced in 2014) and (...)