Mrs Giacobbo Peyronnel is a French qualified lawyer, specializing in EU law, currently working with the Court of Justice of the European Union. Before joining the Court, she practiced with Coutrelis & Associés, representing both private and institutional clients before the EU and national courts, in particular in competition and State aid cases.
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This article deals with the deterrent effect of fines imposed by the European Commission on undertakings for infringements of EC competition rules. It focuses on two main aspects of the implementation of the "deterrence factor". Firstly, the need to ensure a deterrent effect is a general (...)
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Companies involved in competition cases first only had access to documents supporting a statement of objections. Such a restrictive view could deprive companies of the opportunity to use documents for their defence. The Commission and the European Court of Justice have progressively recognised (...)
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