Robert’s practice covers a wide range of issues under European and Dutch competition law. He represents clients before the European Commission and the Dutch Competition Authority in matters relating to cartel defence, abuse of dominance and merger control proceedings. He also advises clients on issues relating to multijurisdictional cartel investigations and damages claims. Robert has advised clients on high-value and complex matters spanning a wide spectrum of economic sectors including chemicals, defence, pharmaceuticals, and technology. Robert was admitted to the Amsterdam Bar in 2008, and is registered on the EU list of the Brussels Bar. He works in Dutch and English.
1619
The EU’s General Court has rejected the EU Commission’s classification of a Polish tax on the retail sector as State aid: Poland v Commission (Joined Cases T-836/16 and T-624/17). The fact that the tax was progressive in nature with a high threshold was not sufficient to meet the requirement (...)
123
Introduction In 2007, the EC imposed fines on several international elevators and escalators (hereafter: “lift”) companies for a violation of Article 81 of the EC Treaty (now Article 101 TFEU). Following the EC decision, follow-on claims have been launched in both Belgium and in the (...)
63
Introduction On 3 June 2014, the Dutch Trade and Industry Appeals Tribunal (the “CBb”) quashed a judgement of the District Court Rotterdam (the “District Court”) in relation to a fine imposed by – the predecessor of – the Dutch Authority for Consumers & Markets (the “ACM”). The fine had (...)
1353
Background On 19 January 2009, the Dutch Trade and Industry Appeals Tribunal (the "CBb") ruled on two joint cases in which both a number of producer organisations and the Netherlands Competition Authority (the "NMa") had appealed decisions of the District Court Rotterdam (Rechtbank (...)
1301
Introduction The Aesculaap case concerns an infringement of Article 6 of the Dutch Competition Act ("Mw") on the grounds that AUV - the procurement collective and wholesaler of veterinary pharmaceuticals -, and Aesculaap - the only other wholesaler of veterinary pharmaceuticals - had adopted (...)
1504
Introduction On 22 November 2005, Woonstichting Hertog Hendrik van Lotharingen ("HHvL") and Woningstichting SWS ("SWS") notified their merger plans to the Dutch Competition Authority (the "NMa"). The parties to the merger offer rental housing and rental units in the municipalities (...)
